The Peters Projection and the Mercator Map

The Peters Projection and the Mercator Map Proponents of the Peters projection map claim that their map is a good, fair, and non-racist view of the world. Theyre comparing their map to the almost-defunct Mercator map. Unfortunately, geographers and cartographers agree that neither map projection is appropriate for use as a map of our planet. The Mercator vs. Peters controversy is truly a moot point. Both maps are rectangular projections and are poor representations of the planet. But heres how each came to prominence and in most cases, misuse. The Peters Projection German historian and journalist Arno Peters called a press conference in 1973 to announce his new map projection that treated each country fairly by representing area accurately. The Peters projection map used a rectangular coordinate system that showed parallel lines of latitude and longitude. Skilled at marketing, Arno claimed that his map more fairly displayed third world countries than the popular Mercator projection map, which distorts and dramatically enlarges the size of Eurasian and North American countries.   While the Peters projection does (almost) represent the land of equal area equally, all map projections distort the shape of the earth, a sphere.   Peters Picks Up Popularity   Proponents of the Peters map were vociferous and demanded that organizations switch to the new, fairer map of the world. Even the United Nations Development Programme began using the Peters projection in its maps. But the popularity of the Peters Projection may have been due to a lack of knowledge about basic cartography.   Today, relatively few organizations use the map, yet the evangelizing continues.   Peters chose to compare his strange-looking map to the Mercator map because he knew that it was an inappropriate map of the earth. Defenders of the Peters projection claim that the Mercator projection distorts the size of countries and continents in the Northern Hemisphere and a  place like Greenland appears to be the same size as Africa, yet Africas land mass is actually fourteen times larger. These claims are certainly all true and correct. The Mercator map was never intended to be used as a wall map and by the time Peters started complaining about it, the Mercator map was well on its way out of fashion anyway. The Mercator Map The Mercator projection was developed in 1569 by Gerardus Mercator as a navigation tool. Like the Peters map, the grid is rectangular and lines of latitude and longitude are all parallel. The Mercator map was designed as an aid to navigators since straight lines on the Mercator projection are loxodromes or rhumb lines representing lines of constant compass bearing perfect for true direction. If a navigator wishes to sail from Spain to the West Indies, all he has to do is draw a line between the two points and the navigator knows which compass direction to continually sail to reach their destination. The Mercator map has always been a poor projection for a world map, yet due to its rectangular grid and shape, geographically illiterate publishers found it useful for wall maps, atlas maps, and maps in books and newspapers published by non-geographers. It became the standard map projection in the mental map of most westerners. The argument against the Mercator projection by the pro-Peters folks usually discusses its advantage for colonial powers by making Europe look a lot larger than it actually is on the globe. Mercator No Longer Widely Used Fortunately, over the past few decades, the Mercator projection has fallen into disuse from many reliable sources. In a 1980s study, two British geographers discovered that the Mercator map did not exist among dozens of atlases examined. But some major map companies still produce wall maps using the Mercator projection.   In 1989, seven North American professional geographic organizations (including the American Cartographic Association, National Council for Geographic Education, Association of American Geographers, and the National Geographic Society) adopted a resolution that called for a ban on all rectangular coordinate maps. The resolution called for the complete elimination of the use of the Mercator as well as the Peters projection. But what to replace them with? Alternatives to Mercator and Peters Non-rectangular maps have been around for a long time. The National Geographic Society adopted the Van der Grinten projection, which encloses the world in a circle, in 1922. Then in 1988, they switched to the Robinson projection, on which the high latitudes are less distorted in size (but more so in shape). Also in 1998, the Society began using the Winkel Tripel projection, which provides a slightly better balance between size and shape than the Robinson projection. Compromise projections like the Robinson or Winkle Tripel present the world in a more globe-like look and are strongly encouraged by geographers. These are the types of projections youll see on maps of continents or of the world today.

Tax Deduction Tips for Classroom Teachers

Tax Deduction Tips for Classroom Teachers In a perfect world, school budgets would overflow with cash for the classroom. Teachers could buy all the supplies they need to optimally instruct their students. The words taxes, deductions, and receipts would apply only to our personal finances. Welcome to reality, teachers. Teaching in the 21st century means you are most likely cash-strapped and scrounging for even the most basic supplies. But if you spend even a dime of your own money to teach your students, you simply must save receipts and claim the costs on your taxes as a deduction. Even the IRS itself reminds teachers each year to claim their classroom expenses on their tax forms. How Teachers Can Minimize Their Personal Taxes You must work in public or private elementary or secondary schools for at least 900 hours as a teacher, instructor, counselor, principal or aide.You may deduct up to $250 of qualified expensesIt is recommended that you keep all of your receipts and documentation in a folder labeled Educator Deductions and the applicable year.Eligible supplies must be ordinary and necessary and they include unreimbursed costs for books, computer equipment including software and services, supplies, and other materials used in the classroom.You do not need to explicitly itemize the expenses. As you can see, its not particularly difficult or time-consuming to save a little money on your taxes with these education deductions. The hardest part is remembering to save receipts and immediately filing them in a single, well-labeled location that you will be able to easily find at tax time. If you have a hard time staying organized and managing the paper piles that come along with the teaching profession, check out these practical tips for winning the paper war in the classroom. Disclaimer: Consult your local tax professional to verify current tax laws in your state.

Development of modern educational system Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Development of modern educational system - Essay Example But I decided to help him out. He knows he is smart enough to even beat others. He worked so hard at reading, but it just never gets easier. Astutely observing his tribulations, his problem came out as 'Dyslexia'. Dyslexia is a brain-based type of learning disability that specifically impairs a person's ability to read. [cite this] Dyslexic children seem to have trouble learning early reading skills, problems hearing individual sounds in words or phrases, examining whole words or sentences in parts, and amalgamating sounds into words. Sometimes they may not differentiate between the letters "b" and "d". The words and sentences seem to them as if they are mingling together or overlapping each other or even moving on the page. It can also be innate in some families; even a number of genes may develop dyslexia. These students are easily being teased, even neglected in social or educational institutions. Though some may have remarkable talents in art, athletics, architecture, graphics, d rama, music, or engineering but they do not realize because of their shyness [cite this]. The vital thing is to help these children in muddling through and providing 'inclusive' education to all schools and colleges. Baroness Warnock (2005) advocated the idea of 'inclusive' education and schools by transferring the students, with special needs, to mainstream schools from special educational institutions. The questionnaires design... The questionnaires designed to scrutinize analysis are very accommodating and helpful to get awareness of their approaches to learn, for the students as well as teachers. Sufficient rigorous ways for setting the more quantitative outcome are obligatory and reliable ascriptions made to the intrusions. Changes found could provoke the factors, such as incentive-ness, self-esteem, sense of worth, and concentration by teachers and it is important to control for as many (Martimore, 2005). So many arguments and actions in the area of 'inclusion' have been focused on altering mainstream schools to comprise pupils who have restrained learning difficulties or any disabilities. The focal point is clearly on learning obscurities as being at the interface between the pupil, teacher and curriculum. Individual program plans should never be taught in isolation [needs citation]. It is a fact that these children will be there and that they are entitled to our attention and the same standard of education as any other child in a class. Challenging behavior can be viewed as an annoyance and source of irritation in the classroom, or as an opportunity to develop new skills and understandings about teaching and learning. 'If a child does not learn the way you teach then teach him the way he learns.' (Chasty, 1999) Some of the main hindrances in achieving inclusive education system were the stringency present in the current education system. The SENCo-Forum, Special Educational Needs Action Programme, mentioned some of the rigidities in achieving inclusive system in educational environments (NASEN, 2004). Inclusive education needs the expert staff levels to meet the

HW Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 1

HW - Assignment Example For example, from the scale it indicates that there is no specialization of tasks which eliminates competition among employees. There is no competition among the employees and merit is a group pride but not an individuals. I would recommend that the two organizations have similar ratings on any of the scales because both have different hierarchy. Despite the two organizations following different hierarchy, they can be evaluated on the same scale (Daft, 2012). This is because they follow different norms, their method of leadership is different and their level of specialization differs. For instance, Daft compares a tall, horizontal and government agency on the same scale. From the given scale, while evaluating the formality of the organizations, one has many rules while the other has almost no rules. Therefore, this makes it possible to rate them on same scale. Another reason is that they are not producing similar products. One is a product based organization while the other is a service based organization (Daft, 2012). From the given scale, GoPro technology is product based while Morning Star is service based organization. Similarly, Daft compares the three organizations that do not offer similar products on the same scale. One is a software development company, the other is a retailing company and the last one is a government service company. Therefore, both GoPro and Morning Star are comparable on the same

Assuming that the distribution Essay Example for Free

Assuming that the distribution Essay 1. Assuming that the distribution is normal for weight relative to the ideal and 99% of the male participants scored between (–53.68, 64.64), where did 95% of the values for weight relative to the ideal lie? Round your answer to two decimal places. x=5.48, SD=22.93 5.48+1.96(22.93) = 170.5992 5.48-1.96(22.93)=80.7136 (80.71,170.60) 2. Which of the following values from Table 1 tells us about variability of the scores in a distribution? c. 22.57 3. Assuming that the distribution for General Health Perceptions is normal, 95% of the females’ scores around the mean were between what values? Round your answer to two decimal places. x=39.71, SD=25.46 39.71+1.96(25.46) = 89.6116 39.71-1.96(25.46) = -10.1916 (-10.19, 89.61) 4. Assuming that the distribution of scores for Pain is normal, 95% of the men’s scores around the mean were between what two values? Round your answer to two decimal places. x=52.53, SD=30.90 52.53+1.96(30.90) = 113.094 52.53-1.96(30.90) = -8.034 (-8.03, 113.09) 5. Were the body image scores significantly different for women versus men? Provide a rationale for your answer. Yes, body image scores were significantly higher for women (73.1 Â ± 17.0) than men (60.2 Â ± 17.0). 6. Assuming that the distribution of Mental Health scores for men is normal, where are 99% of the men’s mental health scores around the mean in this distribution? Round your answer to two decimal places. x= 57.09, SD=23.72 57.09+2.58(23.72)= 118.2876 57.09-2.58(23.72)= -4.1076 (-4.11, 118.29) 7. Assuming that the distribution of scores for Physical Functioning in women is normal, where are 99% of the women’s scores around the mean in this distribution? Round your answer to two decimal places. X= 65.20, SD=29.79 65.20+2.58(29.79) = 142.0582 65.20-2.58(29.79) = -11.6582 (-11.66, 142.06) 8. Assuming that the distribution of scores is normal, 99% of HIV-positive body image scores around the mean were between what two values? Round your answer to two decimal places. Body image scores for Male x= 60.22, SD=16.98; Female x= 73.07, SD= 16.93 Male: 60.22+2.58(16.98)= 104.0284 60.22-2.58(16.98)= 16.4116 Female: 73.07+2.58(16.93)= 116.7494 73.07-2.58(16.93)= 29.3906 Male and Female HIV+ Body Image scores combined are between (16.41, 116.75) 9. Assuming that the distribution of scores for Role Functioning is normal, 99% of the men’s scores around the mean were between what values? Round your answer to two decimal places. x=50.00, SD=46.29 50.00+2.58(46.29)= 169.4282 50.00-2.58(46.29)=-69.4282 (-69.43,169.43)

Essay --

Jeffrey Chhim Professor Garth Hall Results Both studies utilized microdialysis probes on rats to obtain dialysates, these were further analyzed through liquid chromatography (LC) and/or mass spectrometry (MS) for the presence of tryptamine derivatives (5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT or serotonin) and melatonin (study 1), Dimethyltryptamine (DMT) and other molecules (study 2)) in the pineal gland. In the first study, the surgical implantation of microdialysis probe operation was performed on 142 rats with 10% of which deceased during or shortly following surgery before any data can be attained. Of the rats that endured the surgical implantation, another 10% were considered not meet for the study due to the incorrect position of the probes. The second study did not include information about how many rats were utilized and if any had perished during the experimentation process. LC (Study 1) Source [2] Figure 1: Daily summaries of 5-HT (red) and melatonin (yellow) secretion in four categories of rats. In each, the first night represents 24 hours after the probe placement, and each data point represents the extent of recuperation throughout a 10-min interval. Class I (panel A), class II (panel B), class III (panel C), and class IV (panel D), and one representative rat is shown for each class. Horizontal axes signify time of day, and the vertical axes signify the quantity of secretion for every injection. The darken regions signify 01:00–11:00 hours in each panel. Microdialysates of rats were organized into four unique classes based on stable recovery (Panels A-D) refer to Figure 1, each peak height represents the 5-HT secretion during early night as well as the normal daytime secretion with little or no day-to-day variation. Class I (... ...0732/ 161.10735 amu), IAA (176.07061/176.07057 amu), HIAA (192.06552/ 192.06511 amu), TRP (205.09715/205.09711 amu) and HNATA (219.11280/219.11296 amu) identified. Analysis of samples for DMT by precise mass gave 189.13860 amu associated with the calculated exact mass of 189.13866 amu obtained for a DMT reference. DMT was not found in all samples like that of melatonin and HTA. Sources 1. Barker S A, Borjiginm J, Lomnicka I, Straussman R. (2013). Biomedical Chromatography. â€Å"LC/MS/MS analysis of the endogenous dimethyltryptamine hallucinogens, their precursors, and major metabolites in rat pineal gland microdialysate.† DOI 10.1002. 2. Sun X, Liu T, Deng J, Borjigin J. Long-term in vivo pineal microdialysis. Journal Of Pineal Research. [online]. September 2003;35:118-124. Available from: Academic Search Premier, Ipswich, MA. Accessed February 25, 2014.

Compare and Contrast the Classical Societies Essay

The most conspicuous of the Classical Societies developed in Persia, China, India, and the Mediterranean basin. The Classical Societies were known mainly as an enduring legacies. They were known for their influential ways that affected the way people led their lives. Each of the Classical Societies achieved skillful accomplishments. They had their similarity and differences. Although the Classical Societies were similar in ways that they endured for a long period of time and extended authority over large regions, they differed when it came to beliefs and values. One particular way the societies differed with each other was the different materials they used corresponding to their unique lifestyles. Each society raised agricultural crops, established buildings with different materials, observed different laws, and worshipped different gods. China and India heavily depended on the cultivation of rice, millet, and wheat. In China, peached earth and wood was the capital construction material for large public buildings, and in India, wood was the most common construction material. Unlike China and India, wheat was the staple food crop in Persia and the Mediterranean, and Persia and Mediterranean buildings were designed of brick and stone. More difference that the Classical Societies had were the different gods, beliefs, and values that they strictly lived by. Each society formed a broad spectrum of ideas of family organization, what was acceptable in proper public and private behavior, the relationship between the immortals and human beings, the natural world and the gods. The difference that stood out specifically was the difference in the religion and the god or gods each society worshiped. The variety of different religions solely relied on the rulers’ tolerance of religious freedom. Specifically, Cyrus the Great was tolerant and allowed different religions throughout his kingdom mainly to save his enormous empire from religious conflicts and disagreements, but when Xerxes took over generations later, he was not merciful of different religions, he wanted to be worshipped and recognized as a god, which gradually began to tear the kingdom down. In addition, the societies contrasted in sophisticated cultural and religious traditions each groups generated. Different societies held different beliefs and values, but all Classical Societies offered guidance on moral, religious, political, and social issues. The traditions were the fundamental foundations that would prepare people for a career in a government system. Also, the values would shape people who made the laws and policies which would result in a fair and just society. Despite the differences, the societies faced similar problems. They all extended authority over large regions. Cyrus the great conquered the region from the Indus River to Egypt and the Southeastern Europe. The classical societies all faced military challenges as well, and they raised powerful armies for both defensive and offensive purposes. The military challenges arose from within the classical societies because of rebellious reasons, civil war, or problems between powerful bands. Alternatively, the societies faced the challenge of trying to maintain an equitable distribution of land and wealth. Each rulers were greedy to expand the kingdom for wealth, power, and land. More land meant more resources, more resources meant wealth. The race to expansion of kingdoms driven by their greed came crashing when the empires became too enormous to handle and the rules could not be adjusted to everyone’s lifestyle, values, and religion. The Classical Societies influenced the way billions of people have led their lives, and still to this day. They achieved high degrees of internal organization, extended their authority over vastly large regions, and elaborated especially influential cultural traditions. The classical societies began the development of advanced technology because of the great rulers and ideas of the different societies.

Reflection Report And Learning From An Experience Education Essay

The contemplation study is a signifier of thought, how to analyse based on cognition and feeling. As a director ego analyze to believe about failing and strengths. In this study, it is need to concentrate on communicating accomplishments, clip direction, range direction, hazard direction, analysis, self motive and direction ( self judgement, self rating, self reaction, and self satisfaction ) , job resolution, squad effectivity and undertaking planning. The chief aims of this study are needed to discourse and concentrate on following component: Life long larning after this thesis class experience Experience and Importance of group work and relationship with squad members Importance to maintain day-to-day dairy for long tally undertakings such as thesiss, research work studies or any long proficient undertakings. Contemplation is a series of measure to observe down for future mention and aid Importance of analysis and research we did for our project- processing of running undertaking Quality of work related to topic Tutor and group members suggestion and advises so note down in contemplation dairy Basically brooding cognition is a method to analyze him/her ego internally and profoundly and happening out the issue of jitteriness, settle down by the experience which creates the significance of ego. And learns from the same repetition experience and changed him/her ego efficaciously by the consequence of experiences. Reflection pattern is the signifier of ego consciousness and ego assessment and describes the consequence and results of individual ‘s actions.Remembrance of Experiences ( Weekly Detailed Dairy )WeekDateActivity01 14 -06-2010 First hebdomad, we attended the debut session of AMP Module given by Vincent Ong, and larn how to compose a study and how to follow the format etc from supportive coach. After that Academic Liaison Librarian has give the elaborate information about manner to set the referencing in our study and module enchiridion of AMP was provided to all of us. Following twenty-four hours activity was about the plagiarism and turnitinUK. JBK explained us sing rephrasing and characteristic of turnitinUK. They besides helped us in hunt of related articles from digital library. First clip, I have learnt that how to set cardinal words in progress hunt and acquire the diaries and articles called rational research to individuality and back up our work. Rob explained us about the contemplation study and how it is relevant with our study and what makes a good contemplation study and what should be the construction of study. After that we have collected enchiridion of AMP subject. During this hebdomad we have formed a group of 10 members as we all antecedently worked together so we knew each other. One thing in our favour that working with known group members will cut down clip taken to get down acting and apprehension of each frame of work. Get downing of this hebdomad we all felt excited and optimistic. As we received information about work we became more discerning, baffled and unsure and our subject besides made us really unsure and dying. But after two yearss encephalon ramping with group members and elaborate treatment with coach reassured us, and gave us elucidation and showed right way. In general we learnt that broad scope of resources and diaries are available in our library ; it was analyzed that without the coach counsel may be we would be on the incorrect way. We besides understand the importance of citing. How to comparing and contrasting the stuff from different writers and importance of sharing thoughts every bit good as we understand the importance of secondary research. Learned about the importance of the clip direction in undertaking and proper referencing ; may be some job will be encountered during the undertaking like in personal planning and in pull offing a group. Learning solution in this hebdomad would be like how to happen relevant information more efficaciously and learned the demand to keep records about day-to-day activities of advancement. 02 21-06-2010.This hebdomad, I have read the enchiridions and all stuff given by coach. Two articles in enchiridion are really much helpful for understanding the subject. Today we start our undertaking ; we did research and found 5-6 articles about mark market choice and difference between B2B and B2C patterns. Confronting much trouble in research about the relevant subject because our subject is much slippery and confounding. After two twenty-four hours fighting and with different cardinal words as suggested by coach, we came at one point of start. Need to understand the synthesis Main Report like how to pull grounds and evaluate and present our ain ideas in Report. It was advised that the chief study should be synthesis instead than descriptive. A batch of hurdlings came while seeking the subjects. To twenty-four hours I got some utile articles and after reading got some utile points of my demands. This hebdomad we had a meeting on Friday to work out the issues sing the apprehension of subjects and their cardinal dictions for hunt. 03 28-06-2010 This hebdomad, experiencing much trouble while reading, reexamining and comparing the articles of different writers and different sides sing my subject and cardinal words. Before start composing the literature reappraisal, I must necessitate to understand and analyze the Harvard System for proper referencing. So Google it and happen and understand the many ways of seting citing for article, diaries and books such as articles with losing day of the month, losing writer ‘s name, with more than one or two writer ‘s work etc. Today, I started my work on thesis and I made a booklet of my all downloaded article and took the print and read two of them so do the synthesize point from them I have been started my work from literature reappraisal which is the chief organic structure of the study in which we needs to set our ability to bring forth a quality of work at that place. I had written my synthesis point from two articles. This hebdomad we had a 2nd meeting on Friday to work out the issues sing the apprehension of subjects and portion some thoughts every bit good as searched article with each other besides our undertaking director direct us some utile subject related to ask foring stamp of technological solutions. I have decided to split my work chapter wise as guided us by our AMP faculty Coordinator. So we come the point that work should be start from literature reappraisal subdivision. 04 05-07-2010 Today I got my consequence ; I had passed my in all faculties. Thankss to Almighty GOD. Today I besides review the one more article which is presented in an international conference sing issues related to ICT facing by SMEs companies. So extract some chief point from this article and note down. In our meeting we discussed about the difference between E-business and E-commence, it found about a elaborate reading that e-commence is linked to the B2B and e-business is linked with B2C. Furthermore from surveies one thing come out that is digital-related merchandises and digital-unrelated merchandise. Our undertaking squad leader explained and clearly differentiated that digitally related merchandise i.e. package applications, nomadic phones, digital cameras were more suited for e-commerce, and more easy sold over the cyberspace unlike digitally unrelated merchandises like furniture where consumers must desire examine physically before a purchase is made. We besides discussed and studied further on the cardinal issues and consideration sing the stamp invitation for website development solution. 05 12-07-2010 In literature reappraisal, comparing of all research workers and writers work relevant to topic is really much hard and different nature of work for me. It is noticed that all research worker concentrating the similar issue that impacting the operation while company is traveling to B2C market and suggests the same demand and cardinal consideration. As I am holding the first experience at this degree of literature reappraisal and work but it is much interested and knowing attempt for me. It is really easy to deviate from the original subject during the literature reexamining procedure. Felt much trouble like recreation from my original subject in this portion of work. May God assist me to make this in good and best ways related to demand topic demand. 06 19-07-2010 This hebdomad I was non able to work on my study due to my some personal battle and some household issues so I was out of station. 07 26-07-2010 This hebdomad, I started to understand and revise some articles and paperss on tendering. As I need to understand that how to ask for the stamp for technological and package solutions. Issues come up while composing on ask foring stamps for technological solution. Because invitation of stamps for proficient and non proficient solution are much confusing and related work. But feel similar interesting as I am holding the new expertness and expertness in this new country of tendering. I do n't hold any experience of reading such type of paperss. As I was stuck on the measure of ask foring stamp so today I consulted with the squad leader of our group so she assist me out in apprehension of this specific point that what are the cardinal demand for ask foring the stamps as I was believing on the format like that sing tendering but she solved my issue and sent some articles for literature reappraisal related to this. She is really much assisting individual and nice lady and she should be a good squad leader in future. 08 02-08-2010 Confusion- authorship on invite stamp for web development that whether it should b E-tendering or normal traditional manner. Another issue that I was confronting that in most of tendering article there is no proper writer or research worker name. Largely the company and organisational name are mentioned while ask foring stamp for the technological or package solutions. Got some article and diary on tendering and outsourcing the IT related work and technological solution. This hebdomad I have made my concluding agenda and split the yearss till concluding reappraisal of study and how to shut my work within the month of August. Understand and learnt about the usage of indexing in tabular array of contents in MSWord ; how to utilize the proper referencing. 09 09-08-2010 This hebdomad I met with my one of the group member in LRC and discussed about the e-book umpirage and how many mentions we can utilize and whether largely should be diary ‘s articles and could be from any where else? So she suggested that we should e-mail to Peter Godwin every bit good as we get some information from LR usher or mentioning within digital library. After that we discussed about recommendations on subject. Should we necessitate to propose or set some recommendation related to our sort of work? This hebdomad, I got some good article but this is my targeted hebdomad in my clip tabular array to complete all the literature reappraisal and authorship. And should be focus and emphasized on the synthesis, analysis and comparing of the study in last 3 hebdomad. This hebdomad, I need to scale down and windup my all reappraisal work. Today is the terminal of this hebdomad and I have closed my literature reappraisal authorship and my following phase is to syntheses the study and exacts the cardinal point for analysis and treatment. 10 16-08-2010 Today I have started my work on reappraisal of my work with elaborate and syntheses point of position. Feel some ambiguity sing mentions in analysis and discuss phase that whether we need to set the Harvard mention within the analysis and treatment part like we did in literature reappraisal or non? To decide this issue I put an electronic mail to our squad member and waiting of there answer. 11 23-08-2010 This hebdomad is really much tough and important as I wholly put my attempt on the alteration and focal point on my whole work and equilibrate the study in a proper flow and come out with corrected some errors After that I can break concentrate working on the decision and recommendation of the subject. Today terminal of this hebdomad, I wrote down my decision and recommendation. 12 30-08-2010 Working on contemplation analysis study and syntheses my all work into concluding version. Recompiled day-to-day dairy log of my all 3 month plantsPersonal feelings and larning from the experienceResearch work is truly really much interesting but clip consuming. I spend my neat hours and hours on this study and this work should be helpful and really much supportive for my future work and acquisition at this degree and above this. Meetings and regular Google talk and email exchange about AMP study work, experiences and treatment with group members. Some major troubles were come in forepart while reexamining the literature like comparing of all research workers and writers work sing my subject. As it is noticed that all research worker concentrating the similar issue that impacting the operation while traveling to B2C market and suggests the same demand and cardinal consideration for outsourcing procedures. As I was holding the first clip experience at this degree of literature reappraisal and work but it was much interested and knowing attempt for me. I enjoy a batch with m y work and experience much happy at this phase and got much knowledge from last three month attempts. That how to do the comparing of other writers work and note down in ain my dictions. It was really easy to deviate from the original path during literature reexamining stage every bit good as in composing the study procedure. My God assist me out to make this thing in good and best ways that I was linked to my subject. Issue sing literature reappraisal and other relevant work are resolved really swimmingly with the aid of all my group members ‘ corporate engagement and attempts. We had arranged the meetings until all the members are cleared and much satisfied with the apprehension of subject and informations aggregation as we had three hebdomadal groups run intoing with squad leader after the AMP hebdomad. My squad was really much generous with the committedness and clip promptness. My part was besides singular every bit good and I was linked with my group members all the clip 24/7 through electronic mail, facebook and Mobile. And I was much satisfied with my work and with group members ‘ response.Group Dynamics and Learning from the experienceHere I must advert one thing that my current AMP group members are non fresh new members. We were holding same group in all our old class work. So we were much comfy with each other and knew each other frame of head and algorithm of work. And we understand the group kineticss and duties. As a whole I did n't experience any job in my work with my members. Since I was linked with my group members all the clip 24/7 through electronic mail, nomadic and all the group members were much satisfied with my part and with my speedy response on any issue related to our work. I fulfill my all duties that were given by our squad leader. Out supervisor consultancy was really much helpful for us sing the understanding the existent subject and how to seek the relevant stuff from digital library. He did really flat best to work out our issues. I learnt that the group work is really much effectual and helpful for this type of large undertakings as the work is distributed and every member come up with good and di fferent thoughts and cognition. And the undertaking will run into the deadlines really swimmingly.Lessons for the hereafter UndertakingsThe lesson learned dairy was kept in order to convey all the lessons together that we learnt during the thesis work, which would be the guideline for other future undertakings. The hebdomadal journal was updated whenever I have learned some thing new during the undertaking whether it was positive or negative lesson. From experience with the proper direction of work start to stop and all the group members cooperation ; many positive and good lessons was learned for future undertakings. Such as hebdomadal meetings, clip direction and good communicating with members will force up our advancement. With a good clip direction, now we have a batch of clip for quality reappraisal and rectification before the deadline. I learnt really much from group work experience as it will assist me out in increasing good direction accomplishment and to accomplish the aims harmonizing to prefix quality criterions within the clip constrains through the planning and good control particularly at initial phase. Daily log helped me out to program and schedule the hebdomadal undertakings and overall advancement of my work. Following are the cardinal lessons I have learned for future undertaking as a group. Good apprehension and friendly work environment. meetings with group members and hebdomadal dairy and should be maintained Time direction and planning Good communicating and updates sharing.DecisionThe undertaking was managed really calmly and swimmingly with aid of supervisors ‘ guidelines from the first phase and good squad ‘s effectual communicating via ( electronic mail, phone and hebdomadal meetings ) motive, be aftering and clip direction, hazard direction and most of import is self direction and motive. Each squad members was really much delegated, punctual and showed their duty. The tool of hebdomadal dairy helped me out to aline and supervise my each phase and there aims. We received the feedback and do the updates with hebdomadal group meeting at the start. However, with good clip direction and apprehension of work, our group members met the deadlines but we faced few issues and hurdlings sing understand of subject and hunt of relevant stuff like e-article, e-journal and books. But with effectual communicating between all members via meetings, electronic mail, phone all the hazards and issues will be overcomes with the clip existences. Finally, my undertaking was successfully finished with the clemency of Almighty God and the equal part of all squad members at there degree best and my female parents ‘ supplication was with me all the clip. At the terminal, I believed that good direction accomplishment and supportive undertaking leader every bit good as adequate support from the supervisor in AMP Week were the grounds for no major issues, hurdlings, and divergences from the path. As good direction and clear communicating helped out greatly to avoid the likely issues and struggles as every squad members were cognizant of their ain deadlines and their ain duty. I must appreciate this new method of ego recording of our day-to-day work for such type of long undertaking which kept us on right way and lesson for clip direction and contemplation of our work for future chances. I am much satisfied with my work at this phase and learnt a batch for future things as this whole experience of UK alterations my life style a nd it was the womb-to-tomb acquisition for me.

How Honey Bees Survive the Winter Cold

How Honey Bees Survive the Winter Cold Most bees and wasps hibernate during the colder months. In many species, only the queen survives the winter, emerging in spring to reestablish a colony. But honey bees remain active all winter long, despite the freezing temperatures and lack of flowers on which to forage. Winter is when they reap the benefits of their hard work, by living off the honey theyve made and stored. Winter Is Why Bees Make Honey The honey bee colonys ability to survive the winter depends on their food stores. Keeping warm takes energy in the form of honey. If the colony runs short of honey, it will freeze to death before spring. The worker bees force the now useless drone bees from the hive, letting them starve. Its a harsh sentence, but one thats necessary for the colonys survival. Drones would eat too much of the precious honey, and put the hive in peril. Once sources of forage disappear, the honey bees settle in for the winter. As temperatures fall below 57 ° F, the workers hunker down near their cache of honey. The queen stops laying eggs in late fall and early winter, since food stores are limited and the workers must focus on insulating the colony. The Honey Bee Huddle The honey bee workers form a cluster around the queen and brood to keep  them warm. They keep their heads pointed inward. Bees on the inside of the cluster can feed on the stored honey. The outer layer of workers insulates their sisters inside the sphere of honey bees. As ambient temperatures rise, the bees on the outside of the group separate a bit, to allow more air flow. As temperatures fall, the cluster tightens, and the outer workers pull together. As the ambient temperature drops, the worker bees actively generate heat within the hive. First, they feed on honey for energy. Then, the honey bees shiver. They vibrate their flight muscles but keep their wings still, raising their body temperatures. With thousands of bees shivering constantly, the temperature at the center of the cluster will warm up considerably, to about 93 ° F! When the workers on the outer edge of the cluster get cold, they push to the center of the group, and other bees take a turn shielding the group from the winter weather. During warmer spells, the entire sphere of bees will move within the hive, positioning themselves around fresh honey stores. During long spells of extreme cold, the bees may be unable to move within the hive. If they run out of honey within the cluster, the bees can starve to death just inches from additional honey reserves. What Happens to the Bees When We Take Their Honey? An average colony of honey bees can produce 25 lbs. of honey during the foraging season. Thats 2-3 times more honey than they typically need to survive the winter. During a good foraging season, a healthy colony of honey bees can produce as much as 60 lbs. of honey. So the industrious worker bees make much more honey than the colony requires to survive the winter. Beekeepers harvest the surplus honey, but always make sure they leave a sufficient supply for the bees to sustain themselves through the winter months.

Already Have a High ACT Score How to Improve Even More

Already Have a High ACT Score How to Improve Even More SAT / ACT Prep Online Guides and Tips If you're doing well on the ACT but you still want to improve, it can be difficult to find the right prep strategies. High scorers who hope to become elite scorers will benefit from different study strategies than low scorers. In this article, I'll go through what it means to be a high scorer on the ACT, why high scorers can benefit from their own set of preparation strategies, and which strategies will give you the best chance of improving already impressive test results. What Does It Mean to Be a High Scorer on the ACT? To consider yourself a high scorer on the ACT, you should be scoring a 27 or higher on practice tests.This puts you in the top thirteen percent or so of scorers, or the 87th percentile. I’m setting the high score benchmark a bit higher in the percentile range for the ACT than for the SAT (for which I'd setit at the 75th percentile mark) because some states require all students to take the test regardless of whether they’re hoping to attend college.This means that average scores on the ACT are skewed lower, and you’ll need to score higher in the percentile range to get into very selective colleges. Why Should High Scorers Prepare Differently? High scorers on the ACT will benefit from different strategies than low scorers in efforts to raise their scores.For the most part, high scorers are not held back by a lack of content knowledge or problems with question comprehension.High scorers tend to have more issues with careless mistakes, rushing, and overthinking simple questions. It’s important for high scorers to get specific when tracking down and eliminating their mistakes so that they can earn the last few points that will get them to a perfect or close to perfect score.In the following section, I’ll detail some of the best strategies high scorers can use to raise their ACT scores. If these gummy bears represent all the students who take the ACT, you're about to become the triumphant yellow gummy bear right in the middle. High Scorer Strategies These strategies will help high scorers on the ACT break through the barriers to an elite score.If you’re still scoring lower on the ACT, you may want to consult these strategies that are more relevant to your needs; once you improve your scores a little more, you can come back to the high scorer strategies! Strategy #1: Crack Down on Careless Mistakes Careless mistakes often cause students who are already scoring relatively high on the ACT to fall short of a great score. A careless mistake is an error on a question that you would have answered correctly if you read more carefully or paid attention when you bubbled in your answer. These types of mistakes can be tough to eliminate because of the impact of test anxiety, but you can always take measures to reduce them. The best way to avoid careless mistakes is to go back through each section at the end and double check your answers.If you still have a fair amount of time left before you take the real ACT, you can experiment with a practice test or two and see where careless mistakes happen most frequently.This way, you’ll know to be especially careful when double checking the sections that deal with subjects that give you trouble. If you find yourself making careless mistakes on math problems, it can be helpful to underline or circle the value that you’ll need to solve for in the question.This way, you can avoid solving for the wrong value or only solving the problem halfway. If you get too wrapped up in your calculations, you might forget what you were supposed to find and end up bubbling in the wrong answer.Underlining key parts of the question can reduce or eliminate these types of silly mistakes. For careless mistakes on other sections, the key is, once again, double checking and reading the questions carefully.Resist the urge to rush if you have that tendency. You’ll end up making a lot more mistakes if you’re in a panic! You might also try filling in all of your answers at the end of the section to avoid bubbling errors.Circle all of your answers in the test booklet as you go through the section, but wait until the end to fill in the answer sheet.Since you’re not constantly switching between tasks, you’ll be less likely to slip up and fill in the wrong bubble. Careless mistakes happen to everyone, but you can take precautions to avoid them (like putting your coffee mug outside of elbow-range). Strategy #2: Manage Time Wisely As a high scorer aiming for an even higher score, you should make sure that you have enough time to answer every question on the ACT to the best of your ability.Be sure that you’re not spending too much time on difficult questions and missing a couple of questions at the end of each section. This could hurt your scores unnecessarily. The best strategy is to skip a question if you find yourself spending more than thirty seconds trying to figure it out.Get through all the questions that are easy for you first, and then go back and tackle the hard ones.This strategy ensures that you don’t miss any questions as a consequence of time mismanagement.If you miss any questions, it should only be because they were especially difficult. The reading section causes problems with time for many students on the ACT.Make sure you’re reading efficiently.If you tend to read each passage very closely and sometimes run out of time, you might try skimming first instead.Skimming will allow you to answer big picture questions about the passage, and you can go back and read certain parts more closely to answer detail questions. Alternatively, you might be rushing through questions and answering incorrectly due to carelessness.As I said in the previous subsection,you should make a point of always double checking your answers if you have any extra time left at the end of a section.You should do a time check when you reach the halfway point for a section. If there are at least five minutes more than half of the total allotted time remaining, it might be a sign that you need to slow down and pay attention to your answers a little more. Slow and steady wins the rAC(T)e. But not too slow! I just think snails are cute. Strategy #3: Conquer Test Anxiety Text anxiety can be a severe problem for high scorers. These types of students are so focused on getting a perfect or near-perfect score that they freak out if they have to skip hard questions. This can lead to a self-sabotaging cycle of doubt and worry that causes them to lose points. Before the test, you should set up the expectation that you will inevitably have to skip a few questions on your first pass through each section.That doesn’t mean you won’t be able to answer them in the end!Usually, if you’re a high scorer, you can come back and answer them later when you’re less stressed about finishing the rest of the section. Don’t get hijacked by thoughts of â€Å"Oh no, I skipped a question! My score is doooooomed!† when you know it's not true.If you’ve consistently gotten very high scores on practice tests, you’re capable of the same performance on the real exam. Don’t buckle under the pressure! The ACT is gonna be a piece of cake for a smart, sassy individual such as yourself. Strategy #4: Avoid Overthinking Overthinking is a major pitfall for many high scorers.Simple questions can trip up high scorers who get anxious and start overanalyzing the different options.If you find yourself thinking too much about each answer and trying to justify why it might be correct, you should stop yourself and pull back. Remember, there’s only one correct answer to each question on the ACT, and none of the answers should be subjective or ambiguous. Try not to impose your own biases or interpretations on the questions, particularly in the reading section. Everything is pretty cut and dry on the ACT, so if an answer seems like it doesn't quite fit, don't choose it! Don't let this happen to YOU. Conclusion If you’re a high scorer on the ACT, you should adopt specific test prep and studying strategies that fit with your needs.High scorers tend to struggle with careless mistakes, less efficient time management, and problems with overthinking simple questions.You can use the strategies in this article to combat these problems. You should also look closely at your mistakes on practice tests to make sure you’re addressing your specific issues on the ACT.This is the best way to take your performance from a high score to a perfect score! What's Next? Aiming for a perfect score? Read our articles on how to get a 36 on ACT English, Reading, Math, and Science. If you're trying to get into highly competitive college programs, take a look at my article on the most selective colleges in the country. Are you not sure whether or not you should take the ACT with Writing? Find out if the Writing section is important for you. Want to improve your ACT score by 4 points?We have the industry's leading ACT prep program. Built by Harvard grads and ACT full scorers, the program learns your strengths and weaknesses through advanced statistics, then customizes your prep program to you so you get the most effective prep possible. Check out our 5-day free trial today:

Efficient Market Hypothesis Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Efficient Market Hypothesis - Assignment Example Among the foremost to apply digital computers to perform empirical research in the field of finance, Fama operationally defined the EMH by pointing structure on several information sets accessible to market players. The efficient-market hypothesis necessitates that the agents should expect rationally that on average the overall population is correct (although if no individual is) and each time new pertinent information comes out, the agents should update their anticipations appropriately. Moreover, agents are not needed to be rational. EMH permits that on facing novel information, some investors may under react while some, on the other hand may over react. But, they are necessitated by EMH to react in a random manner that follows standard normal distribution. So, the overall impact on market prices may not be constantly exploited to attain more than usual profit, particularly, while keeping into consideration the transaction costs (including spreads and commissions). Therefore, any i ndividual may be perceived to be incorrect regarding the market but, market, on the contrary, as a whole is considered to be always correct. Three levels of hypothesis The efficient market hypothesis can be commonly stated in three basic forms. These include weak-form, semi-strong form and strong form efficiency. Each of these provides distinct implications for the way market performs. Weak-Form Efficiency This form of EMH specifies that current prices of assets reflect past volume and price information. The information incorporated in the past series of a security’s prices is completely reflected in its present market price. It is called as weak because the market price is the most accessible information available to individuals and the utilization of technical analysis is forbidden by this form of EMH. Semi-Strong Form Efficiency This form submits that entire available information to the public is incorporated into the prices of asset. Thus the market price of that asset is a complete reflection of all information accessible to the public. This publicly known information includes the past prices as well as the data reported by the company in its financial statements, announcement along with economic and other factors. The Strong-Form Efficiency This form implies that along with the publicly available information, the insider or private information is also reflected in an asset’s market price. Thus, such a market restricts the inside organization members from gaining unusual returns. Thus, all forms of EMH restrict individuals from attaining unusual returns due to unavailability of information and inhibit the possibility of arbitrage or risk free profit (Fama, 1991). Firm’s pricing of debt and equity decisions and EMH The 2007-2012 financial disaster has contributed to renewed criticism and scrutiny of the efficient market hypothesis. It has been even dismissed as being an ineffective way to study the functioning of financial markets in reality by various economists and financial analysts. Critics have proposed that corporations and financial institutions have the